However, you should not feel obliged to work from home if you are not feeling well enough to do so.
Do You Get Paid For Sick Leave?
This will depend on your location and contract of employment.
In the UK, at the time of writing, you are entitled to £99.35 per week SSP if you are unable to attend work due to sickness. This is paid by your employer for a maximum of 28 weeks.
To be eligible:
- You must have employee status
- You must have already completed some work for your employer
- Your average earnings must be a minimum of £123 per week
- You must have been unwell for at least four consecutive days (including non-working days like weekends and public holidays). The only exception to this rule is if you have tested positive for coronavirus, when you will be eligible for SSP from your first day of sickness absence.
You may also be eligible for company, contractual or occupational sick pay, although this varies between employers.
If your employer offers a company sick pay scheme and you are entitled under its terms, you should be paid for time off sick in accordance with this. Otherwise, your employer should pay SSP if you meet the eligibility requirements.
Company sick pay schemes offer an enhanced level of sick pay when compared to SSP. Your employer can offer any sick pay scheme they see fit, providing it is not lower than the legal minimum.
The details of any company sick pay package you are entitled to must be provided to you in writing, during the first two months of your employment.
If a company sick pay scheme is not offered, this should be set out in writing within your written contract or employment particulars.
In most cases, employees will be eligible for company sick pay after a minimum period, such as an induction or probationary period. Many employers offer an initial period of full sick pay, followed by a further period during which you will receive only half pay.
The US does not have a federal law requiring paid sick leave. However, 16 US states have laws in place to mandate paid sick leave, including Arizona, California, Connecticut, Michigan, New York, Vermont and Washington.
23 cities and two counties also have the same laws, with others expected to follow suit in the future. These laws allow an employee to be paid when taking time off to look after sick family members. In some states, this extends to caring for a close friend.
Every state’s sick pay provision is different, so it is important to check the terms and conditions of employment outlined in your contract or company handbook.
Some state laws provide time off for people affected by domestic violence, sexual assault and stalking. This is sometimes referred to as ‘safe time’ or ‘safe leave’, which allows an employee time off to attend court, move home, attend counseling or receive other support.
Some employers work out an employee’s entitlement to paid sick leave according to the number of hours that they work each week. In other cases, they will withdraw the funds from a ‘bank’ of sickness pay that is front-loaded at the beginning of each financial year.
If you work for a company that does not provide entitlement to paid sick leave, you will be expected to take unpaid leave for serious illnesses under the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA).
How to Call in Sick to Work Professionally
It’s not always necessary to inform your boss of a sick day by phone but this will depend on company policy. If a phone call is not required, you may choose to make contact by email or text instead or leave a message on a central voicemail system.
The advantage of an sick leave email or text is that it’s easier to keep your message brief. Unlike a phone call, you can avoid being drawn into an unnecessary discussion about the nature of your illness.
You can also send an email or text message as soon as you have decided to take the day off, rather than waiting for the working day to begin.
On the other hand, a phone call is more personal. Your boss may be more convinced of your need to take a day off if they can have a conversation with you.
If you are making a phone call to your boss, be sure to use the appropriate phone etiquette.
It is important to find out your boss’s preferred method of contact in these circumstances. If your company has guidelines on calling in sick, be sure to follow these carefully.
If you are unsure of the protocol, it is best to send an email and follow up with a phone call. This helps to cover all bases, and you can be certain that your message has been received.
What Your Boss Might Ask When You Call in Sick
While some bosses might just say that they hope you feel better soon, others may require further information from you.
It is reasonable for your boss to ask for more information about the reason for your absence. If they do, you only need to give a brief, general explanation of the problem (for example, that you have a migraine, you are recovering from a gastrointestinal virus or you are taking care of your sick child).
They might also ask how long you expect to be absent or when you hope to be able to return to work.
In the US, if the reason for your absence relates to a medical condition protected under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), your boss should only ask job-related questions that are necessary in a business context.
For example, if you need to attend a hospital for specialist treatment relating to an ADA-protected illness or you need to spend time in a mental health facility, your employer can only ask when you expect to return to work.
In the UK, the Equality Act 2010 provides additional protection to employees with a disability or long-term health condition.
Some employers categorize disability-related sickness absence differently from regular sick leave, but many do not.
However, the Equality Act 2010 sets out the requirement for employers to offer reasonable adjustments, such as time off for appointments and flexible working arrangements for employees with a disability.
To be protected, you must have made your employer aware of your disability or health condition.
How To Call in Sick to Work in 6 Steps
Call in Sick Email: You Have a Job Interview
Most job interviews are scheduled for normal working hours, so it can be difficult to take time off to attend them at short notice.
In most cases, you won’t want your current employer to know that you are looking for another job. If you can’t schedule the interview for lunchtime or at the beginning or end of the working day, you might decide to call in sick instead.
If you decide to call in sick to attend a job interview, try to keep the reason for your absence brief and concise.
You might tell your boss that you need to take the day off for an appointment, or that you need to attend to a few urgent matters at home.
If your employer is unlikely to allow this, you could say that you are feeling unwell with a migraine or other minor illness, but it is always best to avoid being dishonest if possible.
If you are considering alternative job opportunities, it is best to tell recruiters when you are available to attend interviews in advance.
For example, you might say that you are available between 12:30 and 13:30, provided they give you a few days’ notice of the interview, or that you could attend anytime from 17:30 onwards.
Call in Sick Email: What to Say If You’re Not Really Sick
We know there are days when you aren’t actually unwell, but you really need to take time off. This can be for various reasons, such as needing to attend a job interview or to recover from a late-night flight.
In these situations, your employer might allow you to take a personal day or ‘duvet day’, but only if they offer this as part of your benefits package.
If not, you may decide to call in sick instead.
In this case, you will need to follow the guidelines set out earlier in this article, but there are a few other things to consider:
- Time it Right. Calling in sick on a Monday or Friday, or just before or after a holiday (or the office Christmas party) will always look a bit suspicious. Your boss might assume that you’re trying to extend your time off, or that you’re recovering from a heavy weekend. Also avoid pulling a sickie right in the middle of a particularly tricky period at work. If possible, time your sick leave for a quiet day when your absence is unlikely to be noticed as much.
- Keep it Extra Brief. If you’re faking an illness, you won’t want to get into a lengthy discussion about the reason for your absence. The more lies you tell, the more likely it is that you will be found out. Avoid a phone call, unless this is required by your employer, and explain your reason for absence as briefly as possible. If your boss asks you any questions, keep your answers short and to the point.
- Don’t Confess to Your Colleagues. If you’ve told your boss that you’re sick, don’t let your co-workers know that you just wanted to have a day at home on the couch. Information like this has a way of spreading – even the people you are friends with might slip up and reveal the truth about your absence to your boss. This could have repercussions on your employment contract.
- Be Careful with Social Media Posts. It’s a bit of a giveaway if you call in sick and then post selfies of yourself sunbathing on the beach. Avoid posting anything about your day off on social media. This will prevent unwanted information from being passed on to your boss.
- Don’t overdo it. We’ve all seen actors in films pretending to call in sick to work. However, putting on a fake voice or sneezing violently on the phone is not the way to go. Keep it simple and believable.
- Work Extra Hard on Your Return. After your day off, you will probably need to work extra hard to catch up when you return. This is especially true if you have taken a surreptitious personal day. You will need to allay any suspicions or concerns your boss might have by demonstrating that you are a conscientious employee who is committed to your job.
